1.安装pyenv

1.1 安装依赖环境

yum install -y git
yum -y install gcc zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel git

1.2 安装pyenv包

curl -L https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv-installer/raw/master/bin/pyenv-installer | bash

1.3 配置环境变量

cat ~/.bashrc
export PATH="/root/.pyenv/bin:PATH"
eval "(pyenv init -)"
eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"  
source ~/.bashrc

1.4 验证pyenv

root@python ~]# pyenv 
pyenv 1.2.18
Usage: pyenv <command> [<args>]

Some useful pyenv commands are:
   activate    Activate virtual environment
   commands    List all available pyenv commands
   deactivate   Deactivate virtual environment
   doctor      Verify pyenv installation and development tools to build pythons.
   exec        Run an executable with the selected Python version
   global      Set or show the global Python version(s)
   help        Display help for a command
   hooks       List hook scripts for a given pyenv command
   init        Configure the shell environment for pyenv
   install     Install a Python version using python-build
   local       Set or show the local application-specific Python version(s)
   prefix      Display prefix for a Python version
   rehash      Rehash pyenv shims (run this after installing executables)
   root        Display the root directory where versions and shims are kept
   shell       Set or show the shell-specific Python version
   shims       List existing pyenv shims
   uninstall   Uninstall a specific Python version
   version     Show the current Python version(s) and its origin
   --version   Display the version of pyenv
   version-file   Detect the file that sets the current pyenv version
   version-name   Show the current Python version
   version-origin   Explain how the current Python version is set
   versions    List all Python versions available to pyenv
   virtualenv   Create a Python virtualenv using the pyenv-virtualenv plugin
   virtualenv-delete   Uninstall a specific Python virtualenv
   virtualenv-init   Configure the shell environment for pyenv-virtualenv
   virtualenv-prefix   Display real_prefix for a Python virtualenv version
   virtualenvs   List all Python virtualenvs found in `$PYENV_ROOT/versions/*'.
   whence      List all Python versions that contain the given executable
   which       Display the full path to an executable

See `pyenv help <command>' for information on a specific command.
For full documentation, see: https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv#readme

2 pyen使用

2.1 安装python指定版本

pyenv install -l
pyenv install 3.7.6 -v
查看当前可用的python版本
[root@python projects]# pyenv versions
  system
* 3.7.6 (set by PYENV_VERSION environment variable)

#查看当前使用的版本
pyenv version

2.2 配置及管理python版本

pyenv管理python版本的三个基础命令

    pyenv global <version> #全局设置，基本不用
    pyenv shelll <version> #当前shell下设置，关闭shell再连失效
    pyenv local <version> #只针对当前路径下生效，利于开放使用

#pyenv local使用
mkdir magedu/projects -p
 cd magedu/
 cd projects/
 pyenv local 3.7.6

[root@python ~]# python -V 
Python 2.7.5
[root@python ~]# cd magedu/
[root@python magedu]# ll
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 29 5月  26 21:56 projects
[root@python magedu]# cd projects/
[root@python projects]# python -V 
Python 3.7.6

3 python的虚拟环境

为了对不同的项目进行隔离，使每个项目使用独立的解释器及依赖，需要配置python虚拟环境.

[root@python magedu]# pyenv virtualenv 3.7.6 my3.7.6
Looking in links: /tmp/tmpd1axia5b
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in /root/.pyenv/versions/3.7.6/envs/my3.7.6/lib/python3.7/site-packages (41.2.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pip in /root/.pyenv/versions/3.7.6/envs/my3.7.6/lib/python3.7/site-packages (19.2.3)

[root@python magedu]# pyenv versions
* system (set by /root/.pyenv/version)
  3.7.6
  3.7.6/envs/my3.7.6
  my3.7.6
[root@python magedu]# mkdir -p projects/web
[root@python magedu]# cd projects/web/
[root@python web]# pyenv local my3.7.6

(my3.7.6) [root@python web]# cd ..
[root@python projects]#